K–12 Education Goals

K–12 Education Goals

Reflect on your readings from this class, paying special attention to Ch. 13. What should the top five goals of K–12 education be? Why? What philosophical leanings and social forces influence your answer to the question?

Chapter 13 of Foundations of Education (Ornstein, Levine, & Gutek, 2016)

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APA

K–12 Education Goals

Abstract
This paper reflects on the key objectives of K–12 education, drawing from Chapter 13 of Foundations of Education (Ornstein et al., 2016) and broader course readings. It proposes five primary goals: academic proficiency, critical thinking, social-emotional development, civic responsibility, and equitable access. These goals are justified through their alignment with societal needs and educational philosophies, including progressivism, essentialism, and social reconstructionism. The analysis explores philosophical leanings and social forces shaping these priorities, emphasizing the role of education in fostering individual and collective growth in a diverse, rapidly changing world. APA formatting is used, with references to scholarly sources and the textbook.

Introduction
K–12 education serves as the foundation for preparing students to thrive in a complex, interconnected society. Chapter 13 of Foundations of Education (Ornstein et al., 2016) examines contemporary educational challenges, including equity, accountability, and preparing students for global competitiveness, which inform the goals of education. Reflecting on these insights and course readings, I propose five essential goals for K–12 education: academic proficiency, critical thinking, social-emotional development, civic responsibility, and equitable access. These goals address the multifaceted needs of students and society, influenced by philosophical perspectives like progressivism and essentialism, as well as social forces such as globalization and diversity. This paper justifies these goals, explores their philosophical and social underpinnings, and connects them to educational practice.

Top Five Goals of K–12 Education

1. Academic Proficiency

   • Why: Academic proficiency in core subjects like reading, math, and

     • science equips students with foundational knowledge for higher education and careers. Proficiency rates impact economic outcomes, with 80% of high school graduates needing remedial college courses if underprepared (Ornstein et al., 2016, p. 456).

     • Justification: Essentialism, which emphasizes core knowledge, supports this goal, ensuring students master skills for workforce readiness (Dewey, 1938). Social forces like…